Propaganda of right-wing extremist ideologies draws young people into violent hate crime groups

As a majority of Western countries, Lithuania is facing a risk related to the spread of right-wing extremist ideology among young people who become involved in extremist activities for a variety of reasons, including a fascination with violence, a desire for social recognition, or a search for adventure.

The radicalisation of young people typically starts online, where they join public social media groups that disseminate radical video material, such as extremist ‘memes’ or video clips openly depicting violence. The next stage is often the progression to smaller and more organised, frequently closed social media groups. Prior to joining them, potential members may be requested to disclose their identity and fill in questionnaires regarding their ideological attitudes, knowledge, skills, and motivation.

Members of these closed groups share information on extremist activities, as well as instructions on how to manufacture improvised weapons, incendiary, and explosive devices. They also share personal data of ideological opponents. New members are often encouraged to extend their activities beyond the online environment to real-life scenarios. Initially, they are encouraged to commit minor offences, such as putting up posters or stickers in public spaces with the group’s social media account links. Subsequently, they are persuaded to commit more complex crimes. This form of persuasion is particularly effective on minors, who often perceive losing social acceptance as a greater threat than the legal liability for their criminal actions.

In September 2024, a group of young right-wing extremists was dismantled in Lithuania. The group, which included minors, was suspected of systematically committing violent hate crimes targeting Asian and African nationals, ethnic minorities, and perceived ideological opponents.